(vi) Examiner Exchange and Examination Practice TrainingThe international examiner exchange program is an initiative through which JPO examiners discuss face-to-face with or provide training on examination practices for examiners of foreign IP ofces, primarily for the following purposes: [Figure 2-2-8] Promotion of work-sharing of patent examination among the IP ofces based on a mutual understanding of prior art searches and examination practices. Propagation of the JPO’s examination practices and exam-ination results to other IP ofces. Harmonization of examination requirements at a higher level of quality. Harmonization of patent classications. Advancement of JPO policies.Since 2012, in addition to dispatching and accepting patent examiners to and from developed countries, the JPO has also been striving to contribute to the establishment of proper IP systems and the development of human resources in emerg-ing countries such as India and the ASEAN countries by dispatching JPO examiners and providing training on exam-ination practices as described in Part 2, Chapter 2, 2.8) International Training Instructors. Cumulatively, from April 2000 to December 2019, the JPO has executed the international examiner exchange program, either on a short-term or mid-to-long term basis, with 29 IP ofces. In 2019, the JPO dispatched 29 JPO examiners to foreign IP ofces and received 10 examiners from foreign IP ofces.（ⅵ）審査官協議・審査実務指導国際審査協力とは、主に下記の点を目的として、各国特許庁の審査官との直接の議論や、審査実務指導を行う取組である。［2-2-8図］ 先行技術文献調査及び審査実務の相互理解に基づく特許審査のワークシェアリングの促進。 日本国特許庁の審査実務・審査結果の他庁への普及。 質の高いレベルでの審査の調和。 特許分類の調和。 日本国特許庁の施策の推進。2012年から、先進国への特許審査官の派遣・受入れに加え、第2部第2章2．8）国際研修指導教官で紹介した、インドやアセアン諸国等の新興国に日本国特許庁の審査官を派遣して実務指導を行うことにより、当該国での適切な知的財産制度の整備や人材の育成の促進に貢献する取組にも力を入れている。 日本国特許庁は、2000年4月から2019年12月までの累積で、短期又は中長期の国際審査協力を、29の庁と実施。 2019年は、日本国特許庁の審査官を29名派遣するとともに、各国特許庁の審査官10名の受入れを実施。100Chapter 2 第2章
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