3) Improvement of ProceedingsThe JPO is implementing the following initiatives in order to further improve proceedings:(i) Encouragement of in-depth discussions through oral Proceedings In inter-partes trial cases (including trials for invalidation and trials for rescission), oral proceedings, where the panel and the parties orally assert against each other, are proac-tively utilized in order to accurately grasp and sort out the points of dispute and to increase the parties’ acceptance of the results. In 2019, 135 oral proceedings were conducted. Starting in April 2020, oral proceedings will take place multiple times for each trial for invalidation case (patents) before a panel to sort out the points of dispute, etc. with the parties, pursuant to a plan for proceedings that shall be agreed in advance between the panel and the parties.(ii) Circuit Trials and On-Site Interviews When companies, universities, etc. in the local regions are the parties concerned in trial and appeal cases, the panel may visit their regions at their request to conduct circuit trials (oral proceedings conducted for trials for invalidation) or on-site interviews (interviews aimed at facilitating com-munication on trial and appeal proceedings). In 2019, 22 circuit trials and 44 on-site interviews were conducted.(iii) Trial and Appeal Practitioner Study Group The “Trial and Appeal Practitioner Study Group,” which gathers together practitioners such as corporate IP person-nel, patent attorneys and lawyers, in addition to JPO chief administrative judges and administrative judges, and which studies trial/appeal decisions and court decisions based on actual cases, is convened every year. The Study Group publishes a report＊4 that summarizes the results of its studies. Judges of the Intellectual Property High Court and the Tokyo District Court also participate as observers. In 2019, the Study Group studied a total of 11 cases: 8 patent cases, 1 design case, and 2 trademark cases.3）審理の充実審理を一層充実させるため、以下の取組を実施している。（ⅰ）口頭での議論の充実 無効審判や取消審判等の当事者系審判事件においては、的確な争点の把握・整理や当事者の納得感の向上のため、合議体と当事者双方が口頭で主張しあう口頭審理を積極的に活用。2019年においては、135件の口頭審理を実施。また、事前に合意した審理計画に基づき、当事者と対面で争点整理等を複数回行う、無効審判（特許）の新たな審理モデルの試行を４月から開始予定。（ⅱ）巡回審判・出張面接 地方の企業・大学等が審判事件の当事者である場合には、当事者の希望に応じて合議体が全国各地に赴き、巡回審判（無効審判の口頭審理）や、出張面接（審理に関して意思疎通を図るための面接）を実施。2019年においては、22件の巡回審判、44回の出張面接を実施。（ⅲ）審判実務者研究会 審判長・審判官に加えて、企業の知的財産部員、弁理士、弁護士等の実務者が一堂に会して、実例に基づき審決及び判決についての研究を行う「審判実務者研究会」を例年開催。その結果を取りまとめた報告書＊4を公表。知的財産高等裁判所及び東京地方裁判所の裁判官もオブザーバー参加。2019年は、特許8事例、意匠1事例、商標2事例の計11事例を検討。＊4Englishhttps:www.jpo.go.jperesourcesshingikaikenkyukaisinposeikentoukai.html 日本語https:www.jpo.go.jpresourcesshingikaikenkyukaisinposeikentoukai.html76Chapter 1 第1章
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