C12M1/00	7	Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology<br><br><u>NOTE</u><br><br>This group covers: <br>apparatus where microorganisms or enzymes are produced or isolated;<br>apparatus where the characteristics of microorganisms or enzymes are investigated, e.g. which growth factors are necessary;<br>apparatus specially adapted to employ microorganisms or enzymes as "reactants" or biocatalysts;<br>apparatus of both laboratory and industrial scale.	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		2658
C12M1/002	8	{Photo bio reactors}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		85
C12M1/005	8	{Incubators}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		73
C12M1/007	8	{Flexible bags or containers}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		34
C12M1/02	8	with agitation means; with heat exchange means	C12M1/02	C12M1/02		865
C12M1/04	8	with gas introduction means	C12M1/04	C12M1/04		350
C12M1/045	9	{providing an anaerobic atmosphere}	C12M1/04	C12M1/04		16
C12M1/06	9	with agitator, e.g. impeller	C12M1/06	C12M1/06		125
C12M1/065	10	{on a horizontal axis}	C12M1/06	C12M1/06		4
C12M1/08	9	with draft tube	C12M1/08	C12M1/08		39
C12M1/09	9	Flotation apparatus	C12M1/09	C12M1/09		13
C12M1/10	8	rotatably mounted	C12M1/10	C12M1/10		143
C12M1/107	8	with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane (producing methane by anaerobic treatment of sludge C02F11/04)	C12M1/107	C12M1/107		386
C12M1/113	9	with transport of the substrate during the fermentation	C12M1/113	C12M1/113		21
C12M1/12	8	with sterilisation, filtration or dialysis means	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		434
C12M1/121	9	{with sterilisation means}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		29
C12M1/123	9	{with flat plate filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		20
C12M1/125	10	{Culture inserts}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		7
C12M1/126	9	{with hollow fibres or tubular filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		14
C12M1/128	9	{with moving or mobile filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		4
C12M1/14	8	with means providing thin layers or with multi-level trays	C12M1/14	C12M1/14		64
C12M1/16	8	containing, or adapted to contain, solid media	C12M1/16	C12M1/16		103
C12M1/165	9	{treated with gel punching devices}	C12M1/16	C12M1/16		2
C12M1/18	9	Multiple fields or compartments	C12M1/18	C12M1/18		112
C12M1/20	10	Horizontal planar fields	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		24
C12M1/203	11	{Disc dispensing devices therefor}	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		2
C12M1/206	11	{Multiple discs supporting devices}	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		
C12M1/21	8	Froth suppressors	C12M1/21	C12M1/21		16
C12M1/22	8	Petri dishes	C12M1/22	C12M1/22		96
C12M1/24	8	tube or bottle type (anaerobic jars C12M1/045)	C12M1/24	C12M1/24		210
C12M1/26	8	Inoculator or sampler	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		408
C12M1/261	9	{Airborne microorganism samplers}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		13
C12M1/262	9	{Handle streaking devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		4
C12M1/263	9	{Replica plating devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		2
C12M1/264	9	{Devices involving centrifugal, centripetal or rotational forces}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		13
C12M1/265	9	{Pipettes; Syringes; Suction devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		16
C12M1/266	9	{Magnetic separators}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		12
C12M1/267	9	{Biofilm separators}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		7
C12M1/268	9	{Positioning tools for sampling or inoculating devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		15
C12M1/28	9	being part of container	C12M1/28	C12M1/28		62
C12M1/30	10	Sampler being a swab	C12M1/30	C12M1/30		44
C12M1/32	9	multiple field or continuous type	C12M1/32	C12M1/32		78
C12M1/33	8	Disintegrators	C12M1/33	C12M1/33		86
C12M1/34	8	Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		1678
C12M1/3407	9	{Measure of electrical or magnetical factor}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		52
C12M1/3415	9	{Pressure measure, e.g. with manometers, respirometers}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		8
C12M1/3423	9	{Calorimetry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		3
C12M1/343	9	{Mass spectrometry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		5
C12M1/3438	9	{with use of isotopes, e.g. radiorespirometers, scintillometers}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		
C12M1/3446	9	{Photometry, spectroscopy, laser technology}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		47
C12M1/3453	10	{Opacity, turbidity or light transmission measure; Nephelometry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		9
C12M1/3461	10	{Bio- or chemi-luminescence}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		12
C12M1/3469	10	{Infra red spectroscopy}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		5
C12M1/3476	10	{Fluorescence spectroscopy}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		35
C12M1/3484	9	{Pen or contact colony counters}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		
C12M1/3492	9	{with use of lecture and interpretation devices, grids}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		2
C12M1/36	8	including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors (controlling or regulating in general G05)	C12M1/36	C12M1/36		454
C12M1/38	9	Temperature-responsive control	C12M1/38	C12M1/38		458
C12M1/40	8	Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilised, or carrier-bound enzymes, e.g. apparatus containing a fluidised bed of immobilised enzymes	C12M1/40	C12M1/40		140
C12M1/42	8	Apparatus for the treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves	C12M1/42	C12M1/42		459
C12M3/00	7	Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		1530
C12M3/003	8	{for culture in eggs}	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		13
C12M3/006	8	{Cell injection or fusion devices}	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		46
C12M3/02	8	with means providing suspensions	C12M3/02	C12M3/02		222
C12M3/04	8	with means providing thin layers	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		97
C12M3/043	9	{rotatably mounted}	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		11
C12M3/046	10	{Roller bottles}	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		3
C12M3/06	8	with filtration, ultrafiltration, inverse osmosis or dialysis means	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		213
C12M3/062	9	{with flat plate filter elements}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		9
C12M3/065	9	{with hollow fibres or tubes}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		15
C12M3/067	9	{with moving or mobile filter elements}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		9
C12M3/08	8	Apparatus for tissue disaggregation	C12M3/08	C12M3/08		43
C12M3/10	8	for culture in eggs	C12M3/10	C12M3/10		5
C12M21/00	7	{Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses (digesters for manure A01C3/023; apparatus for PCR B01L7/52; destroying or transforming solid waste B09B3/00; methods for genetic engineering C12N15/00, C12Q1/68; nucleic acid amplification reactions C12Q1/6844)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/00		275
C12M21/02	8	{Photobioreactors (culturing algae A01G33/00, A01H4/001, C12N1/12)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/02		4174
C12M21/04	8	{for producing gas, e.g. biogas (digesters for manure with production of biogas A01C3/028, biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage C02F3/00, C02F11/02, preparation of natural gas or syngas C10L3/06, C10L3/10)}	C12M1/107	C12M21/04		9244
C12M21/06	8	{for in vitro fertilization}	C12M3/00	C12M21/06		484
C12M21/08	8	{for producing artificial tissue or for ex-vivo cultivation of tissue (prostheses A61F2/00, grafts A61L27/00)}	C12M3/00	C12M21/08		2579
C12M21/10	8	{adapted for the cultivation of avian eggs or in avian eggs, e.g. for vaccine production}	C12M3/10	C12M21/10		53
C12M21/12	8	{for producing fuels or solvents (C12M21/04 takes precedence; liquid carbonaceous fuels C10L1/00, solid fuels C10L5/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/12		1070
C12M21/14	8	{for producing enzymes}	C12M1/00	C12M21/14		428
C12M21/16	8	{Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production}	C12M1/16	C12M21/16		1180
C12M21/18	8	{Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilized or carrier-bound enzymes}	C12M1/40	C12M21/18		1813
C12M23/00	7	{Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges (flow directing inserts in C12M27/18-C12M27/24; apparatus for chemical or physical processes in general B01J, chemical or physical laboratory apparatus in general B01L)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/00		1324
C12M23/02	8	{Form or structure of the vessel (large containers B65D88/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/02		2436
C12M23/04	9	{Flat or tray type, drawers (C12M23/10, C12M23/12, C12M23/16 take precedence)}	C12M1/12	C12M23/04		1426
C12M23/06	9	{Tubular (C12M23/08, C12M23/16 take precedence)}	C12M1/12	C12M23/06		1816
C12M23/08	9	{Flask, bottle or test tube}	C12M1/24	C12M23/08		2683
C12M23/10	9	{Petri dish (crystallising dishes B01L3/06)}	C12M1/22	C12M23/10		3056
C12M23/12	9	{Well or multiwell plates (C12M25/04 takes precedence)}	C12M1/32	C12M23/12		2603
C12M23/14	9	{Bags}	C12M1/00	C12M23/14		1434
C12M23/16	9	{Microfluidic devices; Capillary tubes (integrated microfluidic structures B01L3/5027; microreactors B01J19/0093)}	C12M3/06	C12M23/16		3951
C12M23/18	9	{Open ponds; Greenhouse type or underground installations}	C12M1/00	C12M23/18		762
C12M23/20	8	{Material Coatings (immunocoatings C12M25/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/20		2787
C12M23/22	8	{Transparent or translucent parts (glassware for laboratory use B01L3/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/22		2875
C12M23/24	8	{Gas permeable parts}	C12M1/04	C12M23/24		947
C12M23/26	8	{flexible (flexible containers for laboratory use B01L3/505)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/26		1126
C12M23/28	8	{disposable or single use}	C12M1/00	C12M23/28		636
C12M23/30	8	{biodegradable}	C12M1/00	C12M23/30		37
C12M23/32	8	{Frangible parts}	C12M1/00	C12M23/32		95
C12M23/34	8	{Internal compartments or partitions}	C12M1/00	C12M23/34		4328
C12M23/36	8	{Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders}	C12M1/107	C12M23/36		2415
C12M23/38	8	{Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means}	C12M1/00	C12M23/38		6070
C12M23/40	8	{Manifolds; Distribution pieces (fluid transfer means B01L3/563)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/40		717
C12M23/42	8	{Integrated assemblies, e.g. cassettes or cartridges}	C12M3/00	C12M23/42		653
C12M23/44	8	{Multiple separable units; Modules}	C12M3/00	C12M23/44		1187
C12M23/46	8	{Means for fastening}	C12M3/00	C12M23/46		1759
C12M23/48	8	{Holding appliances; Racks; Supports (holding devices for laboratory apparatus B01L9/00)}	C12M3/00	C12M23/48		6387
C12M23/50	8	{Means for positioning or orientating the apparatus (C12M41/08 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/50		1391
C12M23/52	8	{Mobile; Means for transporting the apparatus (transportable laboratories B01L1/52)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/52		1949
C12M23/54	8	{hand portable}	C12M3/00	C12M23/54		375
C12M23/56	8	{Floating elements}	C12M1/09	C12M23/56		475
C12M23/58	8	{Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel (combinations of bioreactors with other apparatus, C12M43/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/58		2777
C12M25/00	7	{Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings}	C12M1/12	C12M25/00		534
C12M25/01	8	{Drops}	C12M1/12	C12M25/01		193
C12M25/02	8	{Membranes; Filters (filters or filtration in general B01D24/00-B01D41/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/02		1718
C12M25/04	9	{in combination with well or multiwell plates, i.e. culture inserts}	C12M1/12	C12M25/04		637
C12M25/06	8	{Plates; Walls; Drawers; Multilayer plates}	C12M1/12	C12M25/06		1087
C12M25/08	9	{electrically charged}	C12M1/12	C12M25/08		79
C12M25/10	8	{Hollow fibers or tubes (hollow fiber modules in general B01D63/02)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/10		484
C12M25/12	9	{the culture medium flowing outside the fiber or tube}	C12M1/12	C12M25/12		106
C12M25/14	8	{Scaffolds; Matrices (in general C12N5/0068)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/14		2209
C12M25/16	8	{Particles; Beads; Granular material; Encapsulation (chemical or physical processes conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles B01J8/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/16		793
C12M25/18	9	{Fixed or packed bed}	C12M1/12	C12M25/18		333
C12M25/20	9	{Fluidized bed (in chemical or physical processes B01J8/18)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/20		180
C12M27/00	7	{Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel (by introduction of gas C12M29/06, C12M29/14, mixing in general or mixers per seB01F; mixing in apparatus for chemical or physical processes B01J)}	C12M1/02	C12M27/00		637
C12M27/02	8	{Stirrer or mobile mixing elements}	C12M1/06	C12M27/02		7983
C12M27/04	9	{with introduction of gas through the stirrer or mixing element}	C12M1/04	C12M27/04		525
C12M27/06	9	{with horizontal or inclined stirrer shaft or axis}	C12M1/06	C12M27/06		1496
C12M27/08	9	{with different stirrer shapes in one shaft or axis}	C12M1/06	C12M27/08		488
C12M27/10	8	{Rotating vessel}	C12M3/04	C12M27/10		1230
C12M27/12	9	{Roller bottles; Roller tubes}	C12M3/04	C12M27/12		196
C12M27/14	8	{Rotation or movement of the cells support, e.g. rotated hollow fibers}	C12M3/06	C12M27/14		283
C12M27/16	8	{Vibrating; Shaking; Tilting}	C12M3/06	C12M27/16		1749
C12M27/18	8	{Flow directing inserts}	C12M1/00	C12M27/18		389
C12M27/20	9	{Baffles; Ribs; Ribbons; Auger vanes}	C12M1/00	C12M27/20		1253
C12M27/22	9	{Perforated plates, discs or walls}	C12M1/00	C12M27/22		290
C12M27/24	9	{Draft tube (C12M29/08 takes precedence)}	C12M1/08	C12M27/24		503
C12M29/00	7	{Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps (pumps per seF04B)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/00		3311
C12M29/02	8	{Percolation}	C12M1/00	C12M29/02		693
C12M29/04	8	{Filters; Permeable or porous membranes or plates, e.g. dialysis}	C12M1/00	C12M29/04		3964
C12M29/06	8	{Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers (per seB01F23/231, B01J19/26)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/06		5206
C12M29/08	9	{Air lift}	C12M1/00	C12M29/08		628
C12M29/10	8	{Perfusion}	C12M1/00	C12M29/10		1435
C12M29/12	8	{Pulsatile flow}	C12M1/00	C12M29/12		195
C12M29/14	8	{Pressurized fluid}	C12M1/00	C12M29/14		730
C12M29/16	8	{Hollow fibers (hollow fiber modules in general B01D63/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/16		414
C12M29/18	8	{External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate (loop type reactors for chemical or physical processes B01J19/2435)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/18		2194
C12M29/20	8	{Degassing; Venting; Bubble traps (means for collection or storage of gas C12M23/36; gas collection apparatus for laboratory use B01L5/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/20		2351
C12M29/22	9	{Oxygen discharge}	C12M1/00	C12M29/22		190
C12M29/24	8	{Recirculation of gas}	C12M1/00	C12M29/24		718
C12M29/26	8	{Conditioning fluids entering or exiting the reaction vessel}	C12M1/00	C12M29/26		1460
C12M31/00	7	{Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light (C12M41/06 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M31/00		168
C12M31/02	8	{located outside the reactor}	C12M1/00	C12M31/02		717
C12M31/04	9	{Mirrors}	C12M1/00	C12M31/04		85
C12M31/06	9	{Lenses}	C12M1/00	C12M31/06		80
C12M31/08	8	{by conducting or reflecting elements located inside the reactor or in its structure}	C12M1/00	C12M31/08		519
C12M31/10	8	{by light emitting elements located inside the reactor, e.g. LED or OLED}	C12M1/00	C12M31/10		1159
C12M31/12	8	{Rotating light emitting elements}	C12M1/00	C12M31/12		52
C12M33/00	7	{Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus (chemical or physical laboratory apparatus in general B01L, devices for taking cell samples A61B10/0045, withdrawing or distributing predetermined quantities of fluid B01L99/00)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/00		3027
C12M33/02	8	{by impregnation, e.g. using swabs or loops (fluid transport using swabs B01L3/5029)}	C12M1/30	C12M33/02		1365
C12M33/04	8	{by injection or suction, e.g. using pipettes, syringes, needles (pipettes in general B01L3/02)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/04		2906
C12M33/06	9	{for multiple inoculation or multiple collection of samples}	C12M1/32	C12M33/06		357
C12M33/07	9	{Dosage or metering devices therefore}	C12M1/26	C12M33/07		167
C12M33/08	8	{by vibration}	C12M1/26	C12M33/08		257
C12M33/10	8	{by centrifugation (centrifuges in general B04B); Cyclones (cyclones in general B04C)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/10		874
C12M33/12	8	{by pressure}	C12M1/26	C12M33/12		574
C12M33/14	8	{with filters, sieves or membranes}	C12M1/26	C12M33/14		2598
C12M33/16	8	{Screw conveyor}	C12M1/26	C12M33/16		770
C12M33/18	8	{Rollers}	C12M1/26	C12M33/18		84
C12M33/20	8	{Ribbons}	C12M1/26	C12M33/20		259
C12M33/22	8	{Settling tanks; Sedimentation by gravity (settling tanks per seB01D21/02)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/22		372
C12M35/00	7	{Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion (machines for extracting juice from animal or plant tissue by electroplasmolysis A23N1/006, processes employing electric or wave energy B01J19/08; treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy C12N13/00; methods for cell fusion C12N15/02; introduction of foreign genetic material C12N15/87)}	C12M1/42	C12M35/00		520
C12M35/02	8	{Electrical or electromagnetic means, e.g. for electroporation or for cell fusion}	C12M1/42	C12M35/02		2389
C12M35/04	8	{Mechanical means, e.g. sonic waves, stretching forces, pressure or shear stimuli}	C12M1/42	C12M35/04		1948
C12M35/06	8	{Magnetic means (C12M35/02 takes precedence)}	C12M1/42	C12M35/06		396
C12M35/08	8	{Chemical, biochemical or biological means, e.g. plasma jet, co-culture}	C12M1/42	C12M35/08		780
C12M37/00	7	{Means for sterilizing, maintaining sterile conditions or avoiding chemical or biological contamination (C12M23/38 takes precedence; filtration in general and filters per seB01D24/00-B01D41/00; autoclaves B01J3/04; treatment of microorganisms with electrical or wave energy C12N13/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M37/00		2432
C12M37/02	8	{Filters}	C12M1/12	C12M37/02		680
C12M37/04	8	{Seals}	C12M1/12	C12M37/04		2833
C12M37/06	8	{Means for testing the completeness of the sterilization (testing for sterility conditions C12Q1/22)}	C12M1/12	C12M37/06		141
C12M39/00	7	{Means for cleaning the apparatus or avoiding unwanted deposits of microorganisms (apparatus for cleaning laboratory receptacles or instruments B01L13/02; cleaning in general B08B)}	C12M1/00	C12M39/00		1915
C12M41/00	7	{Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation (controlling or regulating chemical, physical or physicochemical processes B01J19/0006; heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory use B01L7/00; electro optical investigation of individual particles, flow cytometers G01N15/14; automatic analysis G01N35/00; controlling or regulating in general G06N)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/00		3375
C12M41/02	8	{of foam (foam prevention during gasification of liquids B01D19/02)}	C12M1/21	C12M41/02		757
C12M41/04	9	{Means for foam enhancement (making foam by mixing B01F23/235)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/04		44
C12M41/06	8	{of illumination}	C12M1/00	C12M41/06		900
C12M41/08	9	{Means for changing the orientation}	C12M1/00	C12M41/08		115
C12M41/10	9	{Filtering the incident radiation}	C12M1/00	C12M41/10		105
C12M41/12	8	{of temperature (controlling the temperature of chemical or physical processes B01J19/0013, heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory use B01L7/00)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/12		5915
C12M41/14	9	{Incubators; Climatic chambers (per seB01L1/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M41/14		1730
C12M41/16	9	{by recirculation of culture medium at controlled temperature}	C12M1/34	C12M41/16		70
C12M41/18	9	{Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes}	C12M1/02	C12M41/18		1905
C12M41/20	10	{the heat transfer medium being a gas}	C12M1/02	C12M41/20		864
C12M41/22	10	{in contact with the bioreactor walls}	C12M1/02	C12M41/22		2668
C12M41/24	10	{inside the vessel}	C12M1/02	C12M41/24		1636
C12M41/26	8	{of pH}	C12M1/34	C12M41/26		2308
C12M41/28	8	{of redox potential}	C12M1/34	C12M41/28		157
C12M41/30	8	{of concentration}	C12M1/34	C12M41/30		264
C12M41/32	9	{of substances in solution}	C12M1/34	C12M41/32		1320
C12M41/34	9	{of gas}	C12M1/34	C12M41/34		3789
C12M41/36	9	{of biomass, e.g. colony counters or by turbidity measurements (electrooptical investigation of individual particles G01N15/14, flow cytometers G01N15/1404)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/36		4201
C12M41/38	9	{of metabolites or enzymes in the cells}	C12M1/34	C12M41/38		153
C12M41/40	8	{of pressure}	C12M1/34	C12M41/40		2901
C12M41/42	8	{of agitation speed}	C12M1/34	C12M41/42		469
C12M41/44	8	{of volume or liquid level}	C12M1/34	C12M41/44		1508
C12M41/46	8	{of cellular or enzymatic activity or functionality, e.g. cell viability}	C12M1/34	C12M41/46		2599
C12M41/48	8	{Automatic or computerized control (automatic analysis G01N35/00)}	C12M1/36	C12M41/48		5355
C12M43/00	7	{Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus}	C12M1/00	C12M43/00		1004
C12M43/02	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices for liquid fuel extraction; Biorefineries}	C12M1/00	C12M43/02		347
C12M43/04	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with combustion devices or plants, e.g. for carbon dioxide removal (C12M43/06 takes precedence; recovery of carbon dioxide C12F3/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M43/04		498
C12M43/06	8	{Photobioreactors combined with devices or plants for gas production different from a bioreactor of fermenter}	C12M1/00	C12M43/06		118
C12M43/08	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity}	C12M1/00	C12M43/08		808
C12M45/00	7	{Means for pre-treatment of biological substances}	C12M1/00	C12M45/00		234
C12M45/02	8	{by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting (crushing, pulverizing, disintegrating in general B02C)}	C12M1/33	C12M45/02		2845
C12M45/03	8	{by control of the humidity or content of liquids; Drying}	C12M1/00	C12M45/03		204
C12M45/04	8	{Phase separators; Separation of non fermentable material; Fractionation}	C12M1/00	C12M45/04		693
C12M45/05	8	{by centrifugation (centrifuges in general B04B)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/05		304
C12M45/06	8	{by chemical means or hydrolysis}	C12M1/00	C12M45/06		554
C12M45/07	8	{by electrical or electromagnetic forces}	C12M1/00	C12M45/07		187
C12M45/09	8	{by enzymatic treatment}	C12M1/00	C12M45/09		369
C12M45/20	8	{Heating; Cooling (heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory uses B01L7/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/20		670
C12M45/22	8	{Means for packing or storing viable microorganisms (casings for storing cell samples A61B10/0096, preservation of living parts of the human or animal body A01N1/10)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/22		496
C12M47/00	7	{Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass (filters in general B01D24/00 - B01D41/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/00		197
C12M47/02	8	{Separating microorganisms from the culture medium; Concentration of biomass (separating microorganisms from their culture media C12N1/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/02		1487
C12M47/04	8	{Cell isolation or sorting (purging biological preparations of unwanted cells C12N5/0081, determining the presence or kind of microorganism C12Q1/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/04		2846
C12M47/06	8	{Hydrolysis; Cell lysis; Extraction of intracellular or cell wall material (lysis of microorganisms C12N1/06; extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples C12N15/1003)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/06		905
C12M47/08	8	{Homogenizing}	C12M1/00	C12M47/08		93
C12M47/10	8	{Separation or concentration of fermentation products (bioreactors combined with means for distillation or extraction of liquid fuel C12M43/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/10		1277
C12M47/12	8	{Purification (C12M47/04 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/12		624
C12M47/14	8	{Drying}	C12M1/00	C12M47/14		479
C12M47/16	8	{Sterilization (autoclaves in general B01J3/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/16		104
C12M47/18	8	{Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases (separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours B01D45/00; separation of gases or vapours B01D53/00; gas washing apparatus for laboratory uses B01L5/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/18		1299
C12M47/20	8	{Heating or cooling (heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory uses B01L7/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/20		235
C12M99/00	7	{Subject matter not otherwise provided for in other groups of this subclass}	C12M1/00	C12M99/00		364
C12M99/02	8	{Disc dispensing devices}	C12M1/00	C12M99/02		10
