C12P   1/00		ʪޤϹǤѤƤΥ롼ףãУãУʬवʤʪޤʪ¤ʪޤϹǤѤƤβʪޤʪ¤ˡ̡Σ	Preparation of compounds or compositions, not provided for in groups <b>C12P3/00 to C12P39/00</b> , by using microorganisms or enzymes; General processes for the preparation of compounds or compositions by using microorganisms or enzymes	5881
C12P   1/02		λѤˤΡΣ	by using fungi	9148
C12P   1/04		ٶݤλѤˤΡΣ	by using bacteria	5974
C12P   1/06		ݤλѤˤΡΣ	by using actinomycetales	2140
C12P   3/00		úǤ̵ʪޤϸǤ¤Σ	Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide	3477
C12P   5/00		úǤ¤Σ	Preparation of hydrocarbons	1771
C12P   5/02		ļΤΡΣ	acyclic	6516
C12P   7/00		ǸҤޤͭʪ¤Σ	Preparation of oxygen-containing organic compounds	1236
C12P   7/02		ͭΡΣ	containing a hydroxy group	2327
C12P   7/04		ļΤΡΣ	acyclic	2025
C12P   7/06		Ρ롤ʤΤΡΣ	Ethanol, i.e. non-beverage	6473
C12P   7/08		ʪȤƤޤѴʪޤϥʪδ¤Σ	produced as by-product or from waste or cellulosic material substrate	1289
C12P   7/10		ʪޤΣ	substrate containing cellulosic material	3854
C12P   7/12		βѱդޤϴѴʪޤΣ	substrate containing sulfite waste liquor or citrus waste	109
C12P   7/14		¿ȯڡʪ¿ʷޤʪκƻѡΣ	Multiple stages of fermentation; Multiple types of microorganisms or reuse for microorganisms	841
C12P   7/16		֥ΡΣ	Butanols	1877
C12P   7/18		¿륳Σ	polyhydric	2590
C12P   7/20		ꥻΣ	Glycerol	505
C12P   7/22		˧²ΤΡΣ	aromatic	2680
C12P   7/24		ܥ˥ޤΡΣ	containing a carbonyl group	1217
C12P   7/26		ȥΣ	Ketones	2106
C12P   7/28		ȥޤʪΣ	Acetone-containing products	702
C12P   7/30		ʳ̵ʪޤ¤ΡΣ	produced from substrate containing inorganic compounds other than water	16
C12P   7/32		̵Ǹޤ¤ΡΣ	produced from substrate containing inorganic nitrogen source	2
C12P   7/34		ǸȤޤ¤ΡΣ	produced from substrate containing protein as nitrogen source	10
C12P   7/36		ʪޤϹޤ¤ΡΣ	produced from substrate containing grain or cereal material	83
C12P   7/38		ڥ󥿥Υޤϥڥ󥿥ޤʪΣ	Cyclopentanone- or cyclopentadione- containing products	116
C12P   7/40		ܥޤΡΣ	containing a carboxyl group	3927
C12P   7/42		ҥɥܥΣ	Hydroxy carboxylic acids	3439
C12P   7/44		ݥꥫܥΣ	Polycarboxylic acids	1244
C12P   7/46		ʲúǸҤĥܥ㡥եޥޥ쥤Σ	Dicarboxylic acids having four or less carbon atoms, e.g. fumaric acid, maleic acid	1696
C12P   7/48		ȥꥫܥ㡥Σ	Tricarboxylic acids, e.g. citric acid	1089
C12P   7/50		ȴĤΡ㡥ȥ륿Σ	having keto groups, e.g. 2-ketoglutaric acid	380
C12P   7/52		ץԥΣ	Propionic acid; Butyric acids	1338
C12P   7/54		ݻΣ	Acetic acid	1269
C12P   7/56		Σ	Lactic acid	2615
C12P   7/58		ɥȥɥޤʥãУˡΣ	Aldonic, ketoaldonic or saccharic acids(uronic acids <b>C12P19/00</b>)	660
C12P   7/60		ȥΣ	2-Ketogulonic acid	280
C12P   7/62		ܥƥΣ	Carboxylic acid esters	4965
C12P   7/625		ҥɥܥΥݥꥨƥΣ	Polyesters of hydroxy carboxylic acids	648
C12P   7/64		áƥ뷿ûʤܥϢ³Ʒ礹뺿˾ʤȤ⣷ĤúǸҤޤΡޤϻáΣ	Fats; Fatty oils; Ester-type waxes; Higher fatty acids, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group; Oxidised oils or fats	5818
C12P   7/6409		ûΣ	Fatty acids	544
C12P   7/6418		ûƥβÿʬˤΡΣ	by hydrolysis of fatty acid esters	84
C12P   7/6427		¿˰»ûΣУգƣϡʤúǹʤˣʾŷĤΡΣ	Polyunsaturated fatty acids [PUFA], i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone	531
C12P   7/6431		ΡΣΣϡϡΣ	Linoleic acids [18:2[n-6]]	181
C12P   7/6432		ڥ󥿥ΣţУϡΣ	Eicosapentaenoic acids [EPA]	344
C12P   7/6434		ɥإΣģȣϡΣ	Docosahexenoic acids [DHA]	391
C12P   7/6436		ûƥΣ	Fatty acid esters	489
C12P   7/6445		ꥻɡΣ	Glycerides	179
C12P   7/6454		ƥ벽ˤΡΣ	by esterification	241
C12P   7/6458		ƥžܤˤΡ㡥ƥ򴹡ƥִ륳ʬޤϻʬΣ	by transesterification, e.g. interesterification, ester interchange, alcoholysis or acidolysis	573
C12P   7/6463		ꥻɤʪΡ㡥ñ˦Σ	obtained from glyceride producing microorganisms, e.g. single cell oil	345
C12P   7/6472		¿˰»ûΣУգƣϻĴͭΡʤúǹʤˣʾŷĤΡΣ	containing polyunsaturated fatty acid [PUFA] residues, i.e. having two or more double bonds in their backbone	653
C12P   7/6481		ۥۥꥻɡúǿ̤ΥܥͭۥۥꥻɣãУˡΣ	Phosphoglycerides(phosphoglycerides having carboxylic acids with less than seven carbon atoms <b>C12P7/62</b>)	215
C12P   7/649		Хǥ롤ʤû륭륨ƥΣ	Biodiesel, i.e. fatty acid alkyl esters	646
C12P   7/66		Υɹ¤ĤΡΣ	containing the quinoid structure	774
C12P   9/00		°ҡޤϣȡΡáϡӤޤϥϥʳθҤޤͭʪ¤Σ	Preparation of organic compounds containing a metal or atom other than H, N, C, O, S, or halogen	966
C12P  11/00		βҤޤͭʪ¤Σ	Preparation of sulfur-containing organic compounds	703
C12P  13/00		ǸҤޤͭʪ¤Σ	Preparation of nitrogen-containing organic compounds	5035
C12P  13/02		ߥɡ㡥ե˥Σ	Amides, e.g. chloramphenicol	2414
C12P  13/04		ޤϦ¡ߥλΣ	Alpha- or beta-amino acids	4327
C12P  13/06		˥󡨥󡨥󡨥󡨥ۥ⥻Σ	Alanine; Leucine; Isoleucine; Serine; Homoserine	1886
C12P  13/08		ꥸ󡨥ߥΥԥȥ쥪˥󡨥ХΣ	Lysine; Diaminopimelic acid; Threonine; Valine	2890
C12P  13/10		ȥ󡨥륮˥󡨥˥Σ	Citrulline; Arginine; Ornithine	792
C12P  13/12		˥󡨥ƥ󡨥Σ	Methionine; Cysteine; Cystine	1001
C12P  13/14		륿ߥ륿ߥΣ	Glutamic acid; Glutamine	1727
C12P  13/16		̳ޡûޤϻûƥ롤ʤܥޤϥܥƥϢ³Ʒ礹뺿˾ʤȤ⣷ĤúǸҤͭΡѤΡΣ	using surfactants, fatty acids or fatty acid esters, i.e. having at least seven carbon atoms in an unbroken chain bound to a carboxyl group or a carboxyl ester group	80
C12P  13/18		ӥޤϤͶƳΤѤΡΣ	using biotin or its derivatives	102
C12P  13/20		ѥ饮ѥ饮Σ	Aspartic acid; Asparagine	513
C12P  13/22		ȥץȥե󡨥󡨥ե˥륢˥󡨣ҥɥե˥륢˥Σ	Tryptophan; Tyrosine; Phenylalanine; 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanine	1839
C12P  13/24		ץ󡨥ҥɥץ󡨥ҥΣ	Proline; Hydroxyproline; Histidine	622
C12P  15/00		İʾν̹úǴĤޤͭʪ¤Σ	Preparation of compounds containing at least three condensed carbocyclic rings	676
C12P  17/00		۹ึҤȤƣϡΡӡӣ塤ޤϣԣΤߤʣǴļʪ¤ʣãУãУͥˡΣ	Preparation of heterocyclic carbon compounds with only O, N, S, Se, or Te as ring hetero atoms(<b>C12P13/04 to C12P13/24</b>  take precedence)	582
C12P  17/02		۹ึҤȤƻǸҤΤߤΤΡΣ	Oxygen as only ring hetero atoms	1240
C12P  17/04		ĤĤΡ㡥ꥻեӥΣ	containing a five-membered hetero ring, e.g. griseofulvin	1913
C12P  17/06		ĤĤΡ㡥ե륪쥻Σ	containing a six-membered hetero ring, e.g. fluorescein	3320
C12P  17/08		ʾδĤʣǴĤĤΡ㡥Υ󡤥ޥ饤ɥꥳΣ	containing a hetero ring of at least seven ring members, e.g. zearalenone, macrolide aglycons	622
C12P  17/10		۹ึҤȤǸҤΤߤΤΡΣ	Nitrogen as only ring hetero atom	2251
C12P  17/12		ĤĤΡΣ	containing a six-membered hetero ring	2037
C12P  17/14		۹ึҤǸҤޤϻǸҤǤꡤƱˣʾΰۤʤ۹ึҤĤΡΣ	Nitrogen or oxygen as hetero atom and at least one other diverse hetero ring atom in the same ring	425
C12P  17/16		ʾʣǴĤĤΡΣ	containing two or more hetero rings	1972
C12P  17/18		ʾʣǴĤߤ˽̹ޤ϶̤úǴĤȽ̹礷¤ĤΡ㡥եޥΣ	containing at least two hetero rings condensed among themselves or condensed with a common carbocyclic ring system, e.g. rifamycin	4874
C12P  19/00		ޤಽʪ¤ʥȥɥãУˡΣ<br><br><b><ul></ul></b><br>֥饹ãȤΥȥ³ʣˤˤ줿ɤɽդ뤳ȡΣ	Preparation of compounds containing saccharide radicals(ketoaldonic acids <b>C12P7/58</b>);<br><br><b><u>Note(s)</u></b><br><br><ul><li>Attention is drawn to Note (3) following the title of subclass <b>C07H</b>, which defines the expression "saccharide radical". </li></ul>	4155
C12P  19/02		ñΣ	Monosaccharides	5986
C12P  19/04		¿ࡤʤʾ𤬥ꥳɷˤäƸߤ˷礷ʪΣ	Polysaccharides, i.e. compounds containing more than five saccharide radicals attached to each other by glycosidic bonds	10344
C12P  19/06		󥿥󡤤ʤȥʥΥإƥ¿Σ	Xanthan, i.e. Xanthomonas-type heteropolysaccharides	524
C12P  19/08		ǥȥΣ	Dextran	530
C12P  19/10		ץΣ	Pullulan	159
C12P  19/12		Σ	Disaccharides	2571
C12P  19/14		ܥҥɥ顼κѤˤ¤㡥ߥ顼ˤΡΣ	produced by the action of a carbohydrase, e.g. by alpha-amylase	9329
C12P  19/16		ݣݥ륳κѤˤ¤㡥ߥڤꥢߥڥΣ	produced by the action of an alpha-1, 6-glucosidase, e.g. amylose, debranched amylopectin	881
C12P  19/18		ꥳȥ󥹥ե顼κѤˤ¤㡥¡ޤϦáǥȥΣ	produced by the action of a glycosyl transferase, e.g. alpha-, beta- or gamma-cyclodextrins	2672
C12P  19/20		륳κѤˤ¤㡥ǥȥΣ	produced by the action of an exo-1, 4 alpha-glucosidase, e.g. dextrose	851
C12P  19/22		¡ߥ顼κѤˤ¤㡥Σ	produced by the action of a beta-amylase, e.g. maltose	545
C12P  19/24		顼κѤˤ¤㡥Σ	produced by the action of an isomerase, e.g. fructose	1456
C12P  19/26		Ǥޤú岽ʪ¤Σ	Preparation of nitrogen-containing carbohydrates	2890
C12P  19/28		ΡꥳɡΣ	N-glycosides	529
C12P  19/30		̥쥪ɡΣ	Nucleotides	1268
C12P  19/32		ƱˣĤǸҤͭ룶Ĥޤ̹ķϤĤΡ㡥ץ̥쥪ɡ˥󥢥ߥɡǥ˥󥸥̥쥪ɡΣ	having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same-ring, e.g. purine nucleotides, nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide	1264
C12P  19/34		ݥ̥쥪ɡ㡥˻ꥴܥ̥쥪ɡΣ	Polynucleotides, e.g. nucleic acids, oligoribonucleotides	13148
C12P  19/36		̥쥪ɡ㡥˥󥢥ߥɡǥ˥󥸥̥쥪ɥۥեȡΣ	Dinucleotides, e.g. nicotineamide-adenine dinucleotide phosphate	409
C12P  19/38		̥쥪ɡΣ	Nucleosides	643
C12P  19/40		ƱˣĤǸҤģĤޤ̹ķϤĤΡ㡥ץ̥쥪ɡΣ	having a condensed ring system containing a six-membered ring having two nitrogen atoms in the same ring, e.g. purine nucleosides	1018
C12P  19/42		Хߥ󡤤ʤӥߥ¢̣̣İҡΣ	Cobalamins, i.e. vitamin B<sub>12</sub>, LLD factor	532
C12P  19/44		ϡꥳɤ¤㡥륳ɡΣ	Preparation of O-glycosides, e.g. glucosides	2541
C12P  19/46		إ˷礹λǸҤĤΡ㡥ޥΣ	having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical bound to a cyclohexyl radical, e.g. kasugamycin	187
C12P  19/48		إ𤬣İʾǸҤִƤΡ㡥ǥȥޥ󡤥ͥߥΣ	the cyclohexyl radical being substituted by two or more nitrogen atoms, e.g. destomycin, neamin	263
C12P  19/50		إܤúǸҤ˻ǸҤˤäƤΤ߷礹룲ĤĤΡ㡥֥󡤥ܥޥΣ	having two saccharide radicals bound through only oxygen to adjacent ring carbon atoms of the cyclohexyl radical, e.g. ambutyrosin, ribostamycin	80
C12P  19/52		ʾĤΡ㡥ͥޥ󡤥ӥɥޥΣ	containing three or more saccharide radicals, e.g. neomycin, lividomycin	80
C12P  19/54		إ𤬣ʾΡֿޡ״ǸҤľܷ礷Ρ㡥ȥץȥޥΣ	the cyclohexyl radical being bound directly to a nitrogen atom of two or more [figure] radicals, e.g. streptomycin	135
C12P  19/56		λǸҤʾúǴĤĽ̹ķϤľܷ礹Ρ㡥Υޥ󡤥ɥꥢޥΣ	having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound to a condensed ring system having three or more carbocyclic rings, e.g. daunomycin, adriamycin	953
C12P  19/58		λǸҤʣǴļľúǸҤΤߤˤäľܷ礹Ρ㡥֥쥪ޥ󡤥ե쥪ޥΣ	having an oxygen atom of the saccharide radical directly bound through only acyclic carbon atoms to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. bleomycin, phleomycin	157
C12P  19/60		λǸҤʣǴļޤʣǴļޤ̹ķϤľܷ礹Ρ㡥ޥ󡤥ΥܥӥΣ	having an oxygen of the saccharide radical directly bound to a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring or a condensed ring system containing a non-saccharide heterocyclic ring, e.g. coumermycin, novobiocin	1174
C12P  19/62		ʣǴĤʾδĤǤꡤ۹ĸҤȤƻǸҤΤߤĤΡ㡥ꥹޥ󡤥ԥޥ󡤥ʥΣ	the hetero ring having eight or more ring members and only oxygen as ring hetero atoms, e.g. erythromycin, spiramycin, nystatin	1321
C12P  19/64		ӡꥳɤ¤㡥󥳥ޥΣ	Preparation of S-glycosides, e.g. lincomycin	120
C12P  21/00		ڥץɤޤ¤ñ˦ãΣˡΣ	Preparation of peptides or proteins(single-cell protein <b>C12N1/00</b>)	16814
C12P  21/02		ʾΥߥληΤΤΡ㡥륿Σ	having a known sequence of two or more amino acids, e.g. glutathione	31559
C12P  21/04		ľޤϲͶΥڥץɤޤϥݥڥץɡ㡥Хȥ饷Σ<br><br><b><ul></ul></b><br>ӡӡΤߤˤäƴĲ줿ľޤϲͶΥڥץɤޤϥݥڥץɤϥ롼ףãУΤߤʬव롣	Cyclic or bridged peptides or polypeptides, e.g. bacitracin; <br><br><b><u>Note(s)</u></b><br><br><ul><li>Cyclic or bridged peptides or polypeptides cyclised only by &mdash;S&mdash;S&mdash; bonds are classified in group <b>C12P21/02</b> only.</li></ul>	4750
C12P  21/06		ڥץɷβÿʬˤ¤㡥ÿʬʪΣ	produced by the hydrolysis of a peptide bond, e.g. hydrolysate products	18928
C12P  21/08		Υʥ빳ΡΣ	Monoclonal antibodies	21091
C12P  23/00		ŷˤäƷ礷Ƥ뾯ʤȤ⣱ĤúǸҤޤ˰¦ĥإĤޤಽʪ¤㡥ʣǴĤޤΣãУˡΣ	Preparation of compounds containing a cyclohexene ring having an unsaturated side chain containing at least ten carbon atoms bound by conjugated double bonds, e.g. carotenes(containing hetero-rings <b>C12P17/00</b>)	2171
C12P  25/00		ޤϥˤĲʪ¤㡥ܥեӥΣ	Preparation of compounds containing alloxazine or isoalloxazine nucleus, e.g. riboflavin	401
C12P  27/00		Хʤޤಽʪ¤㡥٥Σ	Preparation of compounds containing a gibbane ring system, e.g. gibberellin	178
C12P  29/00		ʥեʤޤಽʪ¤㡥ƥȥ饵ʣãУͥˡΣ	Preparation of compounds containing a naphthacene ring system, e.g. tetracycline(<b>C12P19/00</b> takes precedence)	439
C12P  31/00		ߤ˥Ȱ̤ˤ룲Ĥȡ¦ΣĤФ륪Ȱ̤˴Ĥľܷ礹뾯ʤȤ⣱ĤλǸҤģĤͭ벽ʪǤäơΣĤ¦ϰۼ︶ҤФ룳ĤηͭΤ磱ĤηϥϥФǤúǸҤǤäƴĤľܷ礷ʤΤޤߡ¾¦ϴĤФƦá̤˷礹ǸҤ򾯤ʤȤ⣱Ļäʪ¤㡥ץ󥸥Σ	Preparation of compounds containing a five-membered ring having two side-chains in ortho position to each other, and having at least one oxygen atom directly bound to the ring in ortho position to one of the side-chains, one side-chain containing, not directly bound to the ring, a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, and the other side-chain having at least one oxygen atom bound in gamma-position to the ring, e.g. prostaglandins	164
C12P  33/00		ƥɤ¤Σ<br><br><b><ul></ul></b><br>֥饹ãʤΥȥ³ʣˤդ뤳ȡϡȥƥɡɤʤѸ줬ޤƤΤƤ롣Σ<br>롼ף飳ˤƤϡѸϰʲ˼̣Ѥ롧<br>ȺѤɡȷɡȿƳɡȿɡޤϡæǤɤ¾βȿषʪޤϹǤκѤ̣롣Σ	Preparation of steroids; <br><br><b><u>Note(s)</u></b><br><br><ul><li>Attention is drawn to Note (1) following the title of subclass <b>C07J</b>, which explains what is covered by the term "steroids".</li></ul>	2636
C12P  33/02		æǲæ𲽡Σ	Dehydrogenating; Dehydroxylating	626
C12P  33/04		Ĥ饢꡼ĤΣ	Forming an aryl ring from A ring	22
C12P  33/06		Σ	Hydroxylating	651
C12P  33/08		̤ˡΣ	at 11 position	151
C12P  33/10		̤ˡΣ	at 11alpha-position	170
C12P  33/12		ĴĤؤκѡΣ	Acting on D ring	73
C12P  33/14		̤οΣ	Hydroxylating at 16 position	37
C12P  33/16		̤ؤκѡΣ	Acting at 17 position	282
C12P  33/18		̤οΣ	Hydroxylating at 17 position	84
C12P  33/20		ʣǴĤĤΡΣ	containing heterocyclic rings	1037
C12P  35/00		ӥ̣ͥķϤĲʪ¤㡥եݥΣ	Preparation of compounds having a 5-thia-1-azabicyclo [4.2.0] octane ring system, e.g. cephalosporin	363
C12P  35/02		̤ˤִæ벽ˤΡΣ	by desacylation of the substituent in the 7 position	233
C12P  35/04		̤ˤִΥ벽ˤΡΣ	by acylation of the substituent in the 7 position	216
C12P  35/06		եݥáͶƳΡΣ	Cephalosporin C; Derivatives thereof	290
C12P  35/08		̤ˤ룲ִΡΣ	disubstituted in the 7 position	103
C12P  37/00		ӥ̣ͥإץķϤĲʪ¤㡥ڥ˥Σ	Preparation of compounds having a 4-thia-1-azabicyclo [3.2.0] heptane ring system, e.g. penicillin	409
C12P  37/02		ե˥ݻե˥ݻߥɤޤϤͶƳΤ¸߲Σ	in presence of phenylacetic acid or phenylacetamide or their derivatives	51
C12P  37/04		ִ̤Υ벽ˤΡΣ	by acylation of the substituent in the 6 position	174
C12P  37/06		ִ̤æ벽ˤΡΣ	by desacylation of the substituent in the 6 position	156
C12P  39/00		Ʊ칩Ʊ˰ۤʤäʪޤˡΣ	Processes involving microorganisms of different genera in the same process, simultaneously	2468
C12P  41/00		ǤޤʪѤƥ饻ߺʪذΤʬΥˡΣ	Processes using enzymes or microorganisms to separate optical isomers from a racemic mixture	4177
