C12M1/00	7	Apparatus for enzymology or microbiology<br><br><u>NOTE</u><br><br>This group covers: <br>apparatus where microorganisms or enzymes are produced or isolated;<br>apparatus where the characteristics of microorganisms or enzymes are investigated, e.g. which growth factors are necessary;<br>apparatus specially adapted to employ microorganisms or enzymes as "reactants" or biocatalysts;<br>apparatus of both laboratory and industrial scale.	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		2699
C12M1/002	8	{Photo bio reactors}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		87
C12M1/005	8	{Incubators}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		73
C12M1/007	8	{Flexible bags or containers}	C12M1/00	C12M1/00		35
C12M1/02	8	with agitation means; with heat exchange means	C12M1/02	C12M1/02		876
C12M1/04	8	with gas introduction means	C12M1/04	C12M1/04		361
C12M1/045	9	{providing an anaerobic atmosphere}	C12M1/04	C12M1/04		16
C12M1/06	9	with agitator, e.g. impeller	C12M1/06	C12M1/06		129
C12M1/065	10	{on a horizontal axis}	C12M1/06	C12M1/06		4
C12M1/08	9	with draft tube	C12M1/08	C12M1/08		39
C12M1/09	9	Flotation apparatus	C12M1/09	C12M1/09		13
C12M1/10	8	rotatably mounted	C12M1/10	C12M1/10		145
C12M1/107	8	with means for collecting fermentation gases, e.g. methane (producing methane by anaerobic treatment of sludge C02F11/04)	C12M1/107	C12M1/107		392
C12M1/113	9	with transport of the substrate during the fermentation	C12M1/113	C12M1/113		20
C12M1/12	8	with sterilisation, filtration or dialysis means	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		436
C12M1/121	9	{with sterilisation means}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		29
C12M1/123	9	{with flat plate filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		20
C12M1/125	10	{Culture inserts}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		7
C12M1/126	9	{with hollow fibres or tubular filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		15
C12M1/128	9	{with moving or mobile filter elements}	C12M1/12	C12M1/12		5
C12M1/14	8	with means providing thin layers or with multi-level trays	C12M1/14	C12M1/14		64
C12M1/16	8	containing, or adapted to contain, solid media	C12M1/16	C12M1/16		103
C12M1/165	9	{treated with gel punching devices}	C12M1/16	C12M1/16		2
C12M1/18	9	Multiple fields or compartments	C12M1/18	C12M1/18		110
C12M1/20	10	Horizontal planar fields	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		23
C12M1/203	11	{Disc dispensing devices therefor}	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		2
C12M1/206	11	{Multiple discs supporting devices}	C12M1/20	C12M1/20		
C12M1/21	8	Froth suppressors	C12M1/21	C12M1/21		15
C12M1/22	8	Petri dishes	C12M1/22	C12M1/22		94
C12M1/24	8	tube or bottle type (anaerobic jars C12M1/045)	C12M1/24	C12M1/24		216
C12M1/26	8	Inoculator or sampler	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		414
C12M1/261	9	{Airborne microorganism samplers}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		13
C12M1/262	9	{Handle streaking devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		4
C12M1/263	9	{Replica plating devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		2
C12M1/264	9	{Devices involving centrifugal, centripetal or rotational forces}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		13
C12M1/265	9	{Pipettes; Syringes; Suction devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		16
C12M1/266	9	{Magnetic separators}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		12
C12M1/267	9	{Biofilm separators}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		7
C12M1/268	9	{Positioning tools for sampling or inoculating devices}	C12M1/26	C12M1/26		15
C12M1/28	9	being part of container	C12M1/28	C12M1/28		62
C12M1/30	10	Sampler being a swab	C12M1/30	C12M1/30		46
C12M1/32	9	multiple field or continuous type	C12M1/32	C12M1/32		83
C12M1/33	8	Disintegrators	C12M1/33	C12M1/33		88
C12M1/34	8	Measuring or testing with condition measuring or sensing means, e.g. colony counters	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		1711
C12M1/3407	9	{Measure of electrical or magnetical factor}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		51
C12M1/3415	9	{Pressure measure, e.g. with manometers, respirometers}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		8
C12M1/3423	9	{Calorimetry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		3
C12M1/343	9	{Mass spectrometry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		5
C12M1/3438	9	{with use of isotopes, e.g. radiorespirometers, scintillometers}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		
C12M1/3446	9	{Photometry, spectroscopy, laser technology}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		49
C12M1/3453	10	{Opacity, turbidity or light transmission measure; Nephelometry}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		10
C12M1/3461	10	{Bio- or chemi-luminescence}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		12
C12M1/3469	10	{Infra red spectroscopy}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		5
C12M1/3476	10	{Fluorescence spectroscopy}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		35
C12M1/3484	9	{Pen or contact colony counters}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		
C12M1/3492	9	{with use of lecture and interpretation devices, grids}	C12M1/34	C12M1/34		2
C12M1/36	8	including condition or time responsive control, e.g. automatically controlled fermentors (controlling or regulating in general G05)	C12M1/36	C12M1/36		456
C12M1/38	9	Temperature-responsive control	C12M1/38	C12M1/38		470
C12M1/40	8	Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilised, or carrier-bound enzymes, e.g. apparatus containing a fluidised bed of immobilised enzymes	C12M1/40	C12M1/40		141
C12M1/42	8	Apparatus for the treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy, e.g. magnetism, sonic waves	C12M1/42	C12M1/42		471
C12M3/00	7	Tissue, human, animal or plant cell, or virus culture apparatus	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		1559
C12M3/003	8	{for culture in eggs}	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		13
C12M3/006	8	{Cell injection or fusion devices}	C12M3/00	C12M3/00		46
C12M3/02	8	with means providing suspensions	C12M3/02	C12M3/02		224
C12M3/04	8	with means providing thin layers	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		97
C12M3/043	9	{rotatably mounted}	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		11
C12M3/046	10	{Roller bottles}	C12M3/04	C12M3/04		3
C12M3/06	8	with filtration, ultrafiltration, inverse osmosis or dialysis means	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		225
C12M3/062	9	{with flat plate filter elements}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		9
C12M3/065	9	{with hollow fibres or tubes}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		16
C12M3/067	9	{with moving or mobile filter elements}	C12M3/06	C12M3/06		9
C12M3/08	8	Apparatus for tissue disaggregation	C12M3/08	C12M3/08		42
C12M3/10	8	for culture in eggs	C12M3/10	C12M3/10		5
C12M21/00	7	{Bioreactors or fermenters specially adapted for specific uses (digesters for manure A01C3/023; apparatus for PCR B01L7/52; destroying or transforming solid waste B09B3/00; methods for genetic engineering C12N15/00, C12Q1/68; nucleic acid amplification reactions C12Q1/6844)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/00		280
C12M21/02	8	{Photobioreactors (culturing algae A01G33/00, A01H4/001, C12N1/12)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/02		4235
C12M21/04	8	{for producing gas, e.g. biogas (digesters for manure with production of biogas A01C3/028, biological treatment of water, waste water or sewage C02F3/00, C02F11/02, preparation of natural gas or syngas C10L3/06, C10L3/10)}	C12M1/107	C12M21/04		9309
C12M21/06	8	{for in vitro fertilization}	C12M3/00	C12M21/06		496
C12M21/08	8	{for producing artificial tissue or for ex-vivo cultivation of tissue (prostheses A61F2/00, grafts A61L27/00)}	C12M3/00	C12M21/08		2682
C12M21/10	8	{adapted for the cultivation of avian eggs or in avian eggs, e.g. for vaccine production}	C12M3/10	C12M21/10		54
C12M21/12	8	{for producing fuels or solvents (C12M21/04 takes precedence; liquid carbonaceous fuels C10L1/00, solid fuels C10L5/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M21/12		1077
C12M21/14	8	{for producing enzymes}	C12M1/00	C12M21/14		444
C12M21/16	8	{Solid state fermenters, e.g. for koji production}	C12M1/16	C12M21/16		1188
C12M21/18	8	{Apparatus specially designed for the use of free, immobilized or carrier-bound enzymes}	C12M1/40	C12M21/18		1909
C12M23/00	7	{Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges (flow directing inserts in C12M27/18-C12M27/24; apparatus for chemical or physical processes in general B01J, chemical or physical laboratory apparatus in general B01L)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/00		1348
C12M23/02	8	{Form or structure of the vessel (large containers B65D88/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/02		2471
C12M23/04	9	{Flat or tray type, drawers (C12M23/10, C12M23/12, C12M23/16 take precedence)}	C12M1/12	C12M23/04		1439
C12M23/06	9	{Tubular (C12M23/08, C12M23/16 take precedence)}	C12M1/12	C12M23/06		1851
C12M23/08	9	{Flask, bottle or test tube}	C12M1/24	C12M23/08		2723
C12M23/10	9	{Petri dish (crystallising dishes B01L3/06)}	C12M1/22	C12M23/10		3095
C12M23/12	9	{Well or multiwell plates (C12M25/04 takes precedence)}	C12M1/32	C12M23/12		2654
C12M23/14	9	{Bags}	C12M1/00	C12M23/14		1450
C12M23/16	9	{Microfluidic devices; Capillary tubes (integrated microfluidic structures B01L3/5027; microreactors B01J19/0093)}	C12M3/06	C12M23/16		4102
C12M23/18	9	{Open ponds; Greenhouse type or underground installations}	C12M1/00	C12M23/18		766
C12M23/20	8	{Material Coatings (immunocoatings C12M25/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/20		2828
C12M23/22	8	{Transparent or translucent parts (glassware for laboratory use B01L3/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/22		2937
C12M23/24	8	{Gas permeable parts}	C12M1/04	C12M23/24		961
C12M23/26	8	{flexible (flexible containers for laboratory use B01L3/505)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/26		1145
C12M23/28	8	{disposable or single use}	C12M1/00	C12M23/28		639
C12M23/30	8	{biodegradable}	C12M1/00	C12M23/30		38
C12M23/32	8	{Frangible parts}	C12M1/00	C12M23/32		95
C12M23/34	8	{Internal compartments or partitions}	C12M1/00	C12M23/34		4416
C12M23/36	8	{Means for collection or storage of gas; Gas holders}	C12M1/107	C12M23/36		2430
C12M23/38	8	{Caps; Covers; Plugs; Pouring means}	C12M1/00	C12M23/38		6207
C12M23/40	8	{Manifolds; Distribution pieces (fluid transfer means B01L3/563)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/40		733
C12M23/42	8	{Integrated assemblies, e.g. cassettes or cartridges}	C12M3/00	C12M23/42		670
C12M23/44	8	{Multiple separable units; Modules}	C12M3/00	C12M23/44		1217
C12M23/46	8	{Means for fastening}	C12M3/00	C12M23/46		1822
C12M23/48	8	{Holding appliances; Racks; Supports (holding devices for laboratory apparatus B01L9/00)}	C12M3/00	C12M23/48		6650
C12M23/50	8	{Means for positioning or orientating the apparatus (C12M41/08 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/50		1419
C12M23/52	8	{Mobile; Means for transporting the apparatus (transportable laboratories B01L1/52)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/52		2025
C12M23/54	8	{hand portable}	C12M3/00	C12M23/54		379
C12M23/56	8	{Floating elements}	C12M1/09	C12M23/56		481
C12M23/58	8	{Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel (combinations of bioreactors with other apparatus, C12M43/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M23/58		2814
C12M25/00	7	{Means for supporting, enclosing or fixing the microorganisms, e.g. immunocoatings}	C12M1/12	C12M25/00		545
C12M25/01	8	{Drops}	C12M1/12	C12M25/01		200
C12M25/02	8	{Membranes; Filters (filters or filtration in general B01D24/00-B01D41/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/02		1749
C12M25/04	9	{in combination with well or multiwell plates, i.e. culture inserts}	C12M1/12	C12M25/04		659
C12M25/06	8	{Plates; Walls; Drawers; Multilayer plates}	C12M1/12	C12M25/06		1102
C12M25/08	9	{electrically charged}	C12M1/12	C12M25/08		79
C12M25/10	8	{Hollow fibers or tubes (hollow fiber modules in general B01D63/02)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/10		491
C12M25/12	9	{the culture medium flowing outside the fiber or tube}	C12M1/12	C12M25/12		106
C12M25/14	8	{Scaffolds; Matrices (in general C12N5/0068)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/14		2276
C12M25/16	8	{Particles; Beads; Granular material; Encapsulation (chemical or physical processes conducted in the presence of fluids and solid particles B01J8/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/16		808
C12M25/18	9	{Fixed or packed bed}	C12M1/12	C12M25/18		338
C12M25/20	9	{Fluidized bed (in chemical or physical processes B01J8/18)}	C12M1/12	C12M25/20		181
C12M27/00	7	{Means for mixing, agitating or circulating fluids in the vessel (by introduction of gas C12M29/06, C12M29/14, mixing in general or mixers per seB01F; mixing in apparatus for chemical or physical processes B01J)}	C12M1/02	C12M27/00		642
C12M27/02	8	{Stirrer or mobile mixing elements}	C12M1/06	C12M27/02		8232
C12M27/04	9	{with introduction of gas through the stirrer or mixing element}	C12M1/04	C12M27/04		545
C12M27/06	9	{with horizontal or inclined stirrer shaft or axis}	C12M1/06	C12M27/06		1522
C12M27/08	9	{with different stirrer shapes in one shaft or axis}	C12M1/06	C12M27/08		502
C12M27/10	8	{Rotating vessel}	C12M3/04	C12M27/10		1252
C12M27/12	9	{Roller bottles; Roller tubes}	C12M3/04	C12M27/12		196
C12M27/14	8	{Rotation or movement of the cells support, e.g. rotated hollow fibers}	C12M3/06	C12M27/14		290
C12M27/16	8	{Vibrating; Shaking; Tilting}	C12M3/06	C12M27/16		1812
C12M27/18	8	{Flow directing inserts}	C12M1/00	C12M27/18		396
C12M27/20	9	{Baffles; Ribs; Ribbons; Auger vanes}	C12M1/00	C12M27/20		1274
C12M27/22	9	{Perforated plates, discs or walls}	C12M1/00	C12M27/22		290
C12M27/24	9	{Draft tube (C12M29/08 takes precedence)}	C12M1/08	C12M27/24		503
C12M29/00	7	{Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps (pumps per seF04B)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/00		3412
C12M29/02	8	{Percolation}	C12M1/00	C12M29/02		697
C12M29/04	8	{Filters; Permeable or porous membranes or plates, e.g. dialysis}	C12M1/00	C12M29/04		4082
C12M29/06	8	{Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers (per seB01F23/231, B01J19/26)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/06		5372
C12M29/08	9	{Air lift}	C12M1/00	C12M29/08		632
C12M29/10	8	{Perfusion}	C12M1/00	C12M29/10		1483
C12M29/12	8	{Pulsatile flow}	C12M1/00	C12M29/12		199
C12M29/14	8	{Pressurized fluid}	C12M1/00	C12M29/14		743
C12M29/16	8	{Hollow fibers (hollow fiber modules in general B01D63/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/16		424
C12M29/18	8	{External loop; Means for reintroduction of fermented biomass or liquid percolate (loop type reactors for chemical or physical processes B01J19/2435)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/18		2228
C12M29/20	8	{Degassing; Venting; Bubble traps (means for collection or storage of gas C12M23/36; gas collection apparatus for laboratory use B01L5/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M29/20		2412
C12M29/22	9	{Oxygen discharge}	C12M1/00	C12M29/22		193
C12M29/24	8	{Recirculation of gas}	C12M1/00	C12M29/24		725
C12M29/26	8	{Conditioning fluids entering or exiting the reaction vessel}	C12M1/00	C12M29/26		1496
C12M31/00	7	{Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light (C12M41/06 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M31/00		173
C12M31/02	8	{located outside the reactor}	C12M1/00	C12M31/02		727
C12M31/04	9	{Mirrors}	C12M1/00	C12M31/04		87
C12M31/06	9	{Lenses}	C12M1/00	C12M31/06		81
C12M31/08	8	{by conducting or reflecting elements located inside the reactor or in its structure}	C12M1/00	C12M31/08		525
C12M31/10	8	{by light emitting elements located inside the reactor, e.g. LED or OLED}	C12M1/00	C12M31/10		1182
C12M31/12	8	{Rotating light emitting elements}	C12M1/00	C12M31/12		52
C12M33/00	7	{Means for introduction, transport, positioning, extraction, harvesting, peeling or sampling of biological material in or from the apparatus (chemical or physical laboratory apparatus in general B01L, devices for taking cell samples A61B10/0045, withdrawing or distributing predetermined quantities of fluid B01L99/00)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/00		3134
C12M33/02	8	{by impregnation, e.g. using swabs or loops (fluid transport using swabs B01L3/5029)}	C12M1/30	C12M33/02		1379
C12M33/04	8	{by injection or suction, e.g. using pipettes, syringes, needles (pipettes in general B01L3/02)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/04		2999
C12M33/06	9	{for multiple inoculation or multiple collection of samples}	C12M1/32	C12M33/06		362
C12M33/07	9	{Dosage or metering devices therefore}	C12M1/26	C12M33/07		177
C12M33/08	8	{by vibration}	C12M1/26	C12M33/08		275
C12M33/10	8	{by centrifugation (centrifuges in general B04B); Cyclones (cyclones in general B04C)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/10		916
C12M33/12	8	{by pressure}	C12M1/26	C12M33/12		597
C12M33/14	8	{with filters, sieves or membranes}	C12M1/26	C12M33/14		2722
C12M33/16	8	{Screw conveyor}	C12M1/26	C12M33/16		781
C12M33/18	8	{Rollers}	C12M1/26	C12M33/18		84
C12M33/20	8	{Ribbons}	C12M1/26	C12M33/20		261
C12M33/22	8	{Settling tanks; Sedimentation by gravity (settling tanks per seB01D21/02)}	C12M1/26	C12M33/22		375
C12M35/00	7	{Means for application of stress for stimulating the growth of microorganisms or the generation of fermentation or metabolic products; Means for electroporation or cell fusion (machines for extracting juice from animal or plant tissue by electroplasmolysis A23N1/006, processes employing electric or wave energy B01J19/08; treatment of microorganisms or enzymes with electrical or wave energy C12N13/00; methods for cell fusion C12N15/02; introduction of foreign genetic material C12N15/87)}	C12M1/42	C12M35/00		524
C12M35/02	8	{Electrical or electromagnetic means, e.g. for electroporation or for cell fusion}	C12M1/42	C12M35/02		2448
C12M35/04	8	{Mechanical means, e.g. sonic waves, stretching forces, pressure or shear stimuli}	C12M1/42	C12M35/04		2004
C12M35/06	8	{Magnetic means (C12M35/02 takes precedence)}	C12M1/42	C12M35/06		410
C12M35/08	8	{Chemical, biochemical or biological means, e.g. plasma jet, co-culture}	C12M1/42	C12M35/08		803
C12M37/00	7	{Means for sterilizing, maintaining sterile conditions or avoiding chemical or biological contamination (C12M23/38 takes precedence; filtration in general and filters per seB01D24/00-B01D41/00; autoclaves B01J3/04; treatment of microorganisms with electrical or wave energy C12N13/00)}	C12M1/12	C12M37/00		2499
C12M37/02	8	{Filters}	C12M1/12	C12M37/02		689
C12M37/04	8	{Seals}	C12M1/12	C12M37/04		2909
C12M37/06	8	{Means for testing the completeness of the sterilization (testing for sterility conditions C12Q1/22)}	C12M1/12	C12M37/06		146
C12M39/00	7	{Means for cleaning the apparatus or avoiding unwanted deposits of microorganisms (apparatus for cleaning laboratory receptacles or instruments B01L13/02; cleaning in general B08B)}	C12M1/00	C12M39/00		1985
C12M41/00	7	{Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation (controlling or regulating chemical, physical or physicochemical processes B01J19/0006; heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory use B01L7/00; electro optical investigation of individual particles, flow cytometers G01N15/14; automatic analysis G01N35/00; controlling or regulating in general G06N)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/00		3492
C12M41/02	8	{of foam (foam prevention during gasification of liquids B01D19/02)}	C12M1/21	C12M41/02		782
C12M41/04	9	{Means for foam enhancement (making foam by mixing B01F23/235)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/04		46
C12M41/06	8	{of illumination}	C12M1/00	C12M41/06		933
C12M41/08	9	{Means for changing the orientation}	C12M1/00	C12M41/08		118
C12M41/10	9	{Filtering the incident radiation}	C12M1/00	C12M41/10		106
C12M41/12	8	{of temperature (controlling the temperature of chemical or physical processes B01J19/0013, heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory use B01L7/00)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/12		6074
C12M41/14	9	{Incubators; Climatic chambers (per seB01L1/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M41/14		1765
C12M41/16	9	{by recirculation of culture medium at controlled temperature}	C12M1/34	C12M41/16		74
C12M41/18	9	{Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes}	C12M1/02	C12M41/18		1999
C12M41/20	10	{the heat transfer medium being a gas}	C12M1/02	C12M41/20		903
C12M41/22	10	{in contact with the bioreactor walls}	C12M1/02	C12M41/22		2726
C12M41/24	10	{inside the vessel}	C12M1/02	C12M41/24		1657
C12M41/26	8	{of pH}	C12M1/34	C12M41/26		2399
C12M41/28	8	{of redox potential}	C12M1/34	C12M41/28		165
C12M41/30	8	{of concentration}	C12M1/34	C12M41/30		269
C12M41/32	9	{of substances in solution}	C12M1/34	C12M41/32		1376
C12M41/34	9	{of gas}	C12M1/34	C12M41/34		3927
C12M41/36	9	{of biomass, e.g. colony counters or by turbidity measurements (electrooptical investigation of individual particles G01N15/14, flow cytometers G01N15/1404)}	C12M1/34	C12M41/36		4348
C12M41/38	9	{of metabolites or enzymes in the cells}	C12M1/34	C12M41/38		166
C12M41/40	8	{of pressure}	C12M1/34	C12M41/40		2980
C12M41/42	8	{of agitation speed}	C12M1/34	C12M41/42		496
C12M41/44	8	{of volume or liquid level}	C12M1/34	C12M41/44		1541
C12M41/46	8	{of cellular or enzymatic activity or functionality, e.g. cell viability}	C12M1/34	C12M41/46		2690
C12M41/48	8	{Automatic or computerized control (automatic analysis G01N35/00)}	C12M1/36	C12M41/48		5562
C12M43/00	7	{Combinations of bioreactors or fermenters with other apparatus}	C12M1/00	C12M43/00		1020
C12M43/02	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices for liquid fuel extraction; Biorefineries}	C12M1/00	C12M43/02		351
C12M43/04	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with combustion devices or plants, e.g. for carbon dioxide removal (C12M43/06 takes precedence; recovery of carbon dioxide C12F3/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M43/04		504
C12M43/06	8	{Photobioreactors combined with devices or plants for gas production different from a bioreactor of fermenter}	C12M1/00	C12M43/06		119
C12M43/08	8	{Bioreactors or fermenters combined with devices or plants for production of electricity}	C12M1/00	C12M43/08		819
C12M45/00	7	{Means for pre-treatment of biological substances}	C12M1/00	C12M45/00		242
C12M45/02	8	{by mechanical forces; Stirring; Trituration; Comminuting (crushing, pulverizing, disintegrating in general B02C)}	C12M1/33	C12M45/02		2911
C12M45/03	8	{by control of the humidity or content of liquids; Drying}	C12M1/00	C12M45/03		208
C12M45/04	8	{Phase separators; Separation of non fermentable material; Fractionation}	C12M1/00	C12M45/04		702
C12M45/05	8	{by centrifugation (centrifuges in general B04B)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/05		309
C12M45/06	8	{by chemical means or hydrolysis}	C12M1/00	C12M45/06		557
C12M45/07	8	{by electrical or electromagnetic forces}	C12M1/00	C12M45/07		194
C12M45/09	8	{by enzymatic treatment}	C12M1/00	C12M45/09		375
C12M45/20	8	{Heating; Cooling (heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory uses B01L7/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/20		681
C12M45/22	8	{Means for packing or storing viable microorganisms (casings for storing cell samples A61B10/0096, preservation of living parts of the human or animal body A01N1/10)}	C12M1/00	C12M45/22		502
C12M47/00	7	{Means for after-treatment of the produced biomass or of the fermentation or metabolic products, e.g. storage of biomass (filters in general B01D24/00 - B01D41/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/00		203
C12M47/02	8	{Separating microorganisms from the culture medium; Concentration of biomass (separating microorganisms from their culture media C12N1/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/02		1503
C12M47/04	8	{Cell isolation or sorting (purging biological preparations of unwanted cells C12N5/0081, determining the presence or kind of microorganism C12Q1/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/04		2908
C12M47/06	8	{Hydrolysis; Cell lysis; Extraction of intracellular or cell wall material (lysis of microorganisms C12N1/06; extracting or separating nucleic acids from biological samples C12N15/1003)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/06		916
C12M47/08	8	{Homogenizing}	C12M1/00	C12M47/08		94
C12M47/10	8	{Separation or concentration of fermentation products (bioreactors combined with means for distillation or extraction of liquid fuel C12M43/02)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/10		1305
C12M47/12	8	{Purification (C12M47/04 takes precedence)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/12		636
C12M47/14	8	{Drying}	C12M1/00	C12M47/14		497
C12M47/16	8	{Sterilization (autoclaves in general B01J3/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/16		104
C12M47/18	8	{Gas cleaning, e.g. scrubbers; Separation of different gases (separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours B01D45/00; separation of gases or vapours B01D53/00; gas washing apparatus for laboratory uses B01L5/04)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/18		1323
C12M47/20	8	{Heating or cooling (heating or cooling apparatus for laboratory uses B01L7/00)}	C12M1/00	C12M47/20		240
C12M99/00	7	{Subject matter not otherwise provided for in other groups of this subclass}	C12M1/00	C12M99/00		373
C12M99/02	8	{Disc dispensing devices}	C12M1/00	C12M99/02		10
