A44B - Definition
Definition statement
This subclass covers:
The following fasteners or their essential parts:
Making slide fasteners, touch-and-close fasteners (e.g. VELCRO®, hook-and-loop, barb-and-pile fabrics), and other fasteners of this subclass.
Accessories or ancillary devices for the fasteners of this subclass when they are used exclusively with one of the varieties of fasteners (e.g. button cards) or have their operations either influencing or being influenced by the operation of the fastener (e.g. slide fastener pulling cords).
The following additional devices associated with either the fasteners of this class or accoutrements, garments, and haberdashery:
Note
The only "other types" of fasteners appropriate for this subclass are those that are capable of use with or actually used with accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery. Therefore, it must be either a commonly known practice to use a particular type of fastener with accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery (e.g., snap fasteners) or the patent documents for a particular type of fastener must frequently disclose their use with accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery. However, it is not required that all, or even the majority, of the fasteners covered by a particular category of fastener be specially adapted for use, or disclose their intended use, with accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
General relationship of A44B with F16B
Fasteners per se that either (a) require a tool for completing their normal fastening (e.g. screws, nails, stitches) or (b) are destroyed or destructively deformed to fasten or unfasten (e.g. staples, rivets) are excluded from A44B. These fasteners per se are covered by F16B or other subclasses specifically providing for them (e.g. B23K).
However, when F16B types of fasteners or other tool driven or deformed fasteners are used to mount fasteners or fastener components appropriate for A44B, and are attached to or cooperate with at least one of their components, they are properly classified within A44B as an additional feature of the fasteners with which they are utilized.
General relationship of A44B with subclasses for accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery
Fasteners appropriately classified within A44B are often broadly claimed or disclosed in combination with the structure they secure or fasten. If the detail of the structure they secure or fasten specifies only the portion of the structure (e.g. dress belt tip or holes) necessary for either completing the fastening operation or mounting the fastening means, the combinations are proper for A44B.
If the details of the accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery being secured are more than that needed to complete the fastening operation or mount the fastener, then the combination is appropriate for the accoutrements, garments, or haberdashery subclasses (e.g. A41D, A41F).
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Fastening devices specially adapted for specific types of garments | A41F |
Buttonholes or eyelets for buttonholes | A41F 1/02 |
Corset fasteners | A41F 1/04 |
Glove fasteners | A41F 1/06 |
Garter fasteners | A41F 1/08 |
Belts, girdles, or waistbands for trousers or skirts | A41F 9/00 |
Thumbtacks | B43M 15/00 |
Devices for fastening or securing constructional elements or machine parts together | F16B |
Hand-manipulated hooks or eyes (e.g. swivel hook for dog leash) | F16B 45/00 |
Places covering apparatus or methods for making, or for positioning on the structure being fastened, fasteners or components of fasteners appropriate for this subclass Appliances or methods for marking-out, perforating, or making buttonholes A41H 25/00 Appliances or methods for setting fasteners on garments A41H 37/00 Processing sheet metal, tubes or profiles to make haberdashery B21D 53/46 Processing sheet metal, tubes or profiles to make buttons B21D 53/48 Processing sheet metal, tubes or profiles to make metal slide fasteners parts B21D 53/50 Wire-working to produce devices for fastening (e.g. slide fastener elements, buttons) B21F 45/16 Pressure or injection die casting of slide fasteners and slide fastener parts B22D 17/16 Producing slide fastener elements from plastic or other substances in a plastic state B29D 5/00 Producing buttons or semi-finished button parts from plastic or other substances in a plastic state B29D 19/00 Informative references Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search: For garments in general A41D For protective aprons having fastening devices A41D 13/04 For neckties having fastening or holding devices associated with the knot or collar A41D 25/00 For hats having fastening devices A42B 1/00 For head covering fastening means other than hatpins A42B 7/00 For laces in general and for footwear having fastening devices A43C For machines, tools, equipment, or methods for setting fasteners on footwear A43D 100/00 For brooches or clips having decorative or ornamental aspects A44C 1/00 For medals or badges having pin fastening devices A44C 3/00 For hair-holding devices A45D 8/00 For work bench type holding clamps B25B 5/00 For paper clips or like paper fasteners for temporarily attaching sheets together B42F 1/02 For elements specially adapted for fastening, fixing, or finishing upholstery B68G 7/12 For sewing apparatus or machines with mechanism for lateral movement of the needle or the work or both for making ornamental pattern seams, for sewing buttonholes, for reinforcing openings, or for fastening articles (e.g. buttons) by sewing D05B 3/00 For sewing needles D05B 85/00 For hand operated latches or bolts for doors or windows (e.g., door hooks) E05C Special rules of classification Decorative mock-fastening devices that do not function as fasteners (e.g. ornamental buttons on coats, fake zippers on clothing), but that look like the fasteners or one of their essential parts covered by A44B, are classified within the main groups of this subclass that provide for the fasteners they are intended to resemble.
Glossary of terms In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated: A hand manipulated fastener that includes a rigid or semirigid portion (i.e. button) which is attached (e.g. sewn) to the structure it is intended to fasten or secure (e.g. clothing) in a manner that allows its reorientation by either movement about its attachment or movement of the structure it secures. A button is intended to be used with a complementary opening having a flaccid portion (e.g. buttonholes, looped cords) that forms the second essential part of the fastener. A hand manipulated fastener including engaging or holding means and structure for guiding during fastening, which can selectively hold a cooperating strap or belt that is either the structure secured (e.g. end of a dress belt) or a second portion of the fastener (e.g. securing strap of a backpack flap). A hand manipulated fastener that includes both (1) a portion specifically shaped (e.g. pointed) to facilitate impaling of and penetration into the structure fastened or secured and (2) a remaining portion (e.g. head) intended to be manually pushed on that does not penetrate the structure fastened or secured. A hand manipulated fastener that includes (1) two, opposed, elongated, configured surfaces that are each attached by mounting means to a secured structure and are intended to directly contact and interlock with each other when fastened and (2) a sliding device that is much shorter in length than the surfaces and which travels along their length to forcibly shift them into or out of interlocking engagement.
Synonyms and Keywords In patent documents the following terms "slide fastener" and "zipper" are often used as synonyms. Also, these terms can be used as keywords.
In patent documents the following terms "cufflink" and "sleeve-link" are often used as synonyms. Also, these terms can be used as keywords.
Button
Buckle
Pin
Slide fastener