C12F - Definition
Definition statement
This subclass covers:
Recovery of by-products of fermented solutions;
Preparation of denatured alcohol;
Denatured alcohol per se.
Relationship between large subject matter areas
While C12F covers the recovery of by-products of fermented solutions, B01D covers separation processes in general, such as evaporation, distillation, crystallization, filtration, absorption, adsorption, chromatography, ion exchange etc.
Noteworthy, there are other classification symbols that have a general relationship with C12F, such as C12C (brewing of beer), C12G (wine, sparkling wine or other alcoholic beverages) and C12P (fermentation processes to synthesize a desired chemical compound).
Since some of the by-products of fermented solutions may be used to produce human or animal food, the main groups A23L 5/00-A23L 35/00, A23K 10/00 and A23K 30/00 might be of interest for search.
In this subclass, it is desirable to add the indexing codes of subclass C12R.
References relevant to classification in this subclass
This subclass does not cover:
Removal of yeast from wine ("degorgeage") | C12G 1/08 |
Informative references
Attention is drawn to the following places, which may be of interest for search:
Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for animals and their methods of production | A23K 10/38 |
Preparation, treatment or modification of the properties of foods or foodstuffs | A23L 7/104, A23L 7/25, A23L 11/20, A23L 27/24 |
Separation processes and apparatus in general | B01D |
Removal of alcohol from alcoholic beverages to obtain alcohol-free or low-alcohol beverages | C12H 3/00 |
Preparation of ethanol for non-beverage purposes | C12P 7/06 |
Preparation of other alcoholic beverages which are not wine or beer | C12G 3/02, C12G 3/08 |
Glossary of terms
In this subclass, the following terms or expressions are used with the meaning indicated:
| Denatured alcohol | ethanol that has additives to make it inedible (poisonous) in order to prevent human consumption. Denatured alcohol permits legitimate use and manufacture of ethanol, since its manufacturing process creates an ethanol-containing solution that is not suitable for drinking, but it is similar to ethanol for most purposes. |
Synonyms and Keywords
In patent documents the following terms "spirit" and "alcohol" are often used as synonyms. Also, these terms can be used as keywords.